Malcolm and Sarah are looking forward to the 16mm
Association AGM. As well as discussing progress on the latest batch of locomotives,
we are unveiling our new design, a slab wagon kit.
A 16mm Wrightscale quarry Hunslet poses beside a quarry slab truck which will be available at the 16mm AGM on 8th April 2017 |
We are totally committed to putting more wagons on to your
layouts! All too often, enthusiasts, whether in 16mm scale or another,
concentrate on the locomotive. They boast about its head-shunts, its zigzag
doubles and its American triangles. Yet all this locomotive activity, this showing
off even, is quite meaningless without rolling stock, which I see as the female
yin to the locomotive yang. One complements the other. Running a locomotive around the track makes no
sense if it is not ‘on the pull’ so to speak. No wagons and carriages, no
sense.
In spite of this common-sense observation, most books
concentrate on locomotives. Rather typical is the comment on an Ivo Peters
photograph taken at Dinorwic (Dinorwig) quarry in 1956. A Quarry Hunslet 0-4-0T
built 1889 is pulling at least seven four wheel ‘three a side’ wagons, filled
with quarry waste. They are coming out of a tunnel with a neat ‘locomotive
chimney’ cut out of the rock. The caption (by Cliff Thomas) tells us all about
the locomotive, nothing about the train of wagons.
Even Thomas the tank engine knew that his trips were in vain
if he were not accompanied by Annie, Clarabel and the rest. J.I.C. Boyd is an
enlightened commentator. ‘Wagons carried supplies not only to ensure the survival and
well-being’ of inhabitants of remote communities but their ‘overall purpose was
to carry away the products’. The Talyllyn Railway WSP Oxford 1988. The book
even describes such wagons as a ‘shy, coy species’. So let’s say it for rolling
stock! A world that consists only of locomotives will last as about as long as
one inhabited solely by men.
For years, Malcolm has been known for locomotives on the
lines of Peter Pan, Guy, Hummy and King of the Scarlets. But his very first
project was the WD bogie, that versatile base for the thousands of wagons which
supplied troops in the trenches of the Western Front 1916-18. Some of these War
Department Light Railway bogie wagons did return to Britain
to be used on narrow gauge lines such as the Ashover but there were already
thousands of wagons in Britain,
already working on 2’ nominal 60cm gauge track.
The slate quarries of North Wales
were early in using narrow gauge as an economical way of transporting heavy
materials. Indeed, they were using wagons long before locomotives were
available. Like the coal mines of North-East England,
they were situated conveniently above the sea. Once rails were in place, trains
of wagons could run down to a port using gravity. A horse was merely
required to pull the ‘empties’ back up. That was the theory anyway. Obstacles
lay between the slate and the sea. Locomotives were needed so that loads could
be pulled uphill. As these were commissioned, the world came to admire. Paul
Decauville for example visited the Festiniog (Ffestiniog) Railway more than
once in the 1870s. Although Prosper Péchot 1849-1928 never came in person, he
used ideas from Festiniog in his Péchot system. Years later, this French field
railway system inspired the WDLR mentioned above.
Thus the narrow gauge quarry railways of Wales cast a long shadow over world
history.
Bryneglwys slate workings, situated above the Talyllyn
Railway, have a historythat is typical of slate quarries. There had been some
quarrying for local needs, but in 1847, advertisements appeared in The Mining
Journal for subscribers to a company which would extract ‘beautiful light blue
slate’. Engines for truck haulage and a mill for dressing slate would be
powered by two local streams. A road would transport the slate to the river
Dovey thence to the port
of Aberdovey’.
When the Tallyllyn Railway was proposed in 1864, it made
more sense to use it to transport freight. (Confusingly for the anglophone, there
is a Brynglas Halt well below the Bryneglwys workings. The Welsh would not be
confused. Brynglas means Blue Hill. Bryne-yr-Eglwys means Church Hill.) Another ‘health warning’: the Talyllyn Railway
was built to 2’3” gauge compared to the 2’ gauge of many other quarry railways.
They say that a mine is a hole with a liar at the top but
John Pughe the promoter of Bryneglwys uttered one truth. The ‘mine’ had the potential
to produce £15,000 worth of slate for the next 15 years. The only trouble was,
it required much capital, both for the workings themselves and the ingenious
series of inclines taking material down to the railway. Boyd in ‘The Talyllyn
Railway’ has an excellent account.
Originally, there were over 100 slab-wagons used in Bryneglwys Quarry - by the time the workings closed only about 8 remained. They were also known as bogies, cradles or
sleds. They were mainly used within the workings to bring out slate as far as
the mill where it was split, sawn and dressed. The slab trucks were therefore
mostly to be seen emerging from the slate workings, waiting at the mill or
around the upper sidings of the Talyllyn Railway. A few cheeky escapees might
hitch a ride down the valley or ‘peep shyly’ from sidings along the way.
Historians have struggled with lack of information, but it
is believed that, unlike the carriages, these slab wagons were built on the
site, using standard parts eg wheels, axle boxes and coupling hooks. There was
a saw-mill on site which could supply finished timber. It is just possible that
some were originally fitted with hand-operated brake, like the slate wagons
that were used on the Talyllyn railway itself. If such hand-brake slab-trucks ever existed, they had
all perished by the 1940s. On page 297
of the Boyd book is a photo of slate wagon - it shows how a brake might have appeared.
Contemporary accounts are also silent about colour. When asked, people who
remembered the railway tended to say ‘Oh, red!’ Further research suggests
iron-red undercoat for the slate truck with, perhaps a top coat of the cheapest
and most durable pigment – black – certainly for wooden under as they served remote communities. A train coming up-valley might carry
flour and beer for human consumption, engineering supplies and timber. Down
trains would certainly carry slate but also ‘empties’. People, on varying
errands often hitched rides on freight trains. The wagons are half the fun and
all the story of one of these little railways.
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